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ES and gypsum have long been used in environments prone to leaching. One of the advantages of ES is that only the portion that converts to SO4-S can be lost; the remainder is still in place for release to the growing crop. In waterlogged conditions, where sulphate sulphur could be lost by leaching or runoff, the bacteria will become dormant, so sulphur will not be lost. 

In high soil pH regions, ES can be used in large amounts to drive down soil pH. The amount that is required to affect soil pH is dependent on soil buffering capacity (texture, pH, free lime). Generally, it will minimally be in the range of 200 – 800 pounds /ac every three or four years to amend the whole A horizon. The P, Ca, and micros all become highly available and protected from a tie-up in close proximity to a particle of S, which root hairs can then access.

 In the case of land with high Na levels where there is hardpan areas, surface puddling, large soil lumps, or surface crusting that seedlings can’t grow up through, S will work to convert the problematic immobile Na ++into water-soluble NaSO4and help get it gone provided water can be encouraged to move to depth.